Afzal Mohmand

 ✅ Absorption of drugs  👉 Drug absorption refers to the process by which a drug enters the bloodstream from its site of administration, such as the digestive tract (oral), the skin (topical), or the bloodstream (intravenous). The key factors affecting drug absorption include: 👉Route of Administration : The method used to introduce the drug into the body, like oral (swallowing a pill), intravenous (directly into the bloodstream), or topical (applied to the skin). 👉 Drug Formulation : The drug's physical form, such as a tablet, liquid, or injection, can affect how quickly and completely it is absorbed. 👉 Blood Flow : The blood supply to the administration site can influence the rate of absorption. More blood flow generally means faster absorption. 👉 Drug Properties: The drug's chemical properties, such as solubility and size, impact its ability to cross biological membranes and be absorbed. 👉 Gastrointestinal Factors: In the case of oral drugs, factors in the stomach a...

✅Pharmacokinetics explanation  👉 Pharmacokinetics is the branch of pharmacology that deals with how the body processes drugs. It involves four key processes: 👉 Absorption : This is how a drug enters the bloodstream, often through oral ingestion, injection, or other routes. It can be affected by factors like the drug's formulation and the gastrointestinal system. 👉 Distribution : Once in the bloodstream, the drug is distributed throughout the body, reaching various tissues and organs. Factors like blood flow and drug-protein binding can impact this. 👉 Metabolism : Many drugs are metabolized by the liver to become more water-soluble and easily excreted. Enzymes in the liver play a crucial role in this process. 👉 Elimination : The final step is the removal of the drug and its metabolites from the body, usually through urine or feces. This process is mainly carried out by the kidneys. Understanding these processes helps in determining the drug's effectiveness, dosing, and pot...